Mestrado Profissional em Ciências Cardiovasculares

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https://dspace.inc.saude.gov.br/handle/123456789/17

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Navegando Mestrado Profissional em Ciências Cardiovasculares por Assunto "Adolescent"

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    Association Between Work and Common Mental Disorders in School Adolescents: The ERICA Study
    (Clinics, 2020) Santos, Daniele Baptista dos; Mediano, Mauro Felippe Felix; Rodrigues Júnior, Luiz Fernando; Santos Junior, Braulio dos; Lorenzo, Andrea Rocha de; Kuschnir, Maria Cristina Caetano
    OBJECTIVES: Adolescence is characterized by continuing profound mental, physical, and social changes and entering into the labor market during this phase may have negative consequences on physical and mental health. Common mental disorders (CMD) are characterized as disorders of mental functions, including symptoms of depression and anxiety as well as various nonspecific and somatic complaints such as reduced ability to concentrate, tiredness, irritation, and forgetfulness. Despite its increasing prevalence, few studies have addressed CMD and its association with work, in adolescents. In the present study, we aimed to identify the main factors associated with CMD and evaluated its association with work, in school adolescents. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 12 to 17-year-old adolescent students using a self-administered questionnaire with questions related to work. CMD was verified using the General Health Questionnaire of 12 items. In total, 3424 adolescents were studied. RESULTS: The prevalence of CMD and work in the last year was 28.72% and 19.63%, respectively. After adjustment for potential confounding variables, multivariate analysis showed associations of CMD with female gender (OR=2.72) and work (OR=1.70). CONCLUSION: In the present study, a high number of cases of CMD were observed among the studied adolescents. Female gender and work history in the last year were negatively and independently associated with the presence of CMD.
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    Avaliação do efeito de um programa de exercício físico na aptidão aeróbica e biomarcadores cardiovasculares em escolares
    (Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia, 2019) Duque, André Luis Messias dos Santos
    Fundamentação: As doenças cardiovasculares são a principal causa de morte no mundo e se manifestam predominantemente na idade adulta, embora sua origem possa estar na infância e adolescência. Nesta população, os baixos níveis de exercício físico estão associados a alta prevalência de fatores de risco cardiovascular (FRCV). Todavia, ainda são escassos programas de intervenção que visem à promoção da saúde cardiovascular entre crianças e adolescentes. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito de um programa de treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade (HIIT) de duração de 4 meses na aptidão aeróbia e biomarcadores cardiovasculares de escolares. Métodos: Trata-se de um ensaio clínico randomizado e controlado, em que foram incluídos 54 escolares com idade entre 9 e 15 anos. Os escolares selecionados foram randomizados em grupo intervenção (n=26) e em grupo controle (n=28). Foram avaliados no início e ao término do estudo as seguintes variáveis: aptidão aeróbia, resistência muscular localizada e flexibilidade, o índice de massa corporal (IMC), dobras cutâneas, perímetro do braço, colesterol total, HDL-c, LDL-c, Triglicerídeos e glicemia. Resultados: Após o término do programa de exercício físico, o grupo intervenção apresentou maiores níveis de aptidão aeróbia (intervenção: 1016,3 ± 202,8m; controle 873,2 ± 210,9m) (avaliada pela distância percorrida no teste de corrida e caminhada de 6min e pelo Consumo Máximo de oxigênio (intervenção: 48,1 ± 6,5; controle: 44,3 ± 6,2)), em relação ao grupo controle, passando a ter diferença estatisticamente significativa (p=0,001). Conclusão: O programa de HIIT foi capaz de melhorar a aptidão aeróbia no grupo no intervenção. Não houve alterações estatisticamente significativas nos demais biomarcadores cardiovasculares avaliados.
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    Increased systemic endothelial-dependent microvascular reactivity after ingestion of a high-carbohydrate snack in young, healthy volunteers
    (Microvascular Research, 2020) Peçanha, Daniela; Huguenin, Grazielle Vilas Bôas; Lorenzo, Andrea De; Tibirica, Eduardo
    Objective This study evaluated the acute effect of a high-carbohydrate snack (HCS) on systemic microvascular function of healthy, young volunteers, using laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI). Methods Cutaneous microvascular blood flow was assessed in the forearm with LSCI coupled to iontophoresis of acetylcholine, using increasing anodal currents, before and after (25 min) the ingestion of a HCS or water (control). Twenty volunteers (10 male) received a single HCS (70 g of carbohydrates) in the fasting state in the morning. Results The area under the curve (AUC) of acetylcholine-induced microvascular vasodilation increased from 17,847 ± 4539 to 20,315 ± 7168 arbitrary perfusion units/s (P = 0.03) after ingestion of a HCS, but was unchanged after the ingestion of water (P = 0.22). Conclusion A single snack consisting on an acute oral load of carbohydrates induced a significant increase of endothelium-dependent microvascular vasodilation in healthy, young subjects.