Custo-efetividade do uso da tomografia de emissão de pósitrons na detecção de recorrência do câncer diferenciado de tireoide
Custo-efetividade do uso da tomografia de emissão de pósitrons na detecção de recorrência do câncer diferenciado de tireoide
Data
2016
Autores
Caetano, Rosângela
Biz, Aline Navega
Schluckebier, Luciene Fontes
Silva, Rondineli Mendes da
Braga, José Ueleres
Bastos, Cláudia Regina Garcia
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Physis: Revista de Saúde Coletiva
Resumo
Avaliou-se a custo-efetividade da adição da tomografia de emissão de pósitrons (18FDG-PET-TC) aos métodos convencionais na detecção de recorrência de cânceres diferenciados de tireoide. O modelo analítico de decisão representou coorte hipotética de pacientes adultos, de alto risco pela estratificação inicial, submetidos a tireoidectomia total e ablação com I131. A estratégia convencional de detecção foi comparada à adição da 18FDG-PET-TC aplicada aos indivíduos com resultados de cintigrafia com I131 negativos. O horizonte temporal foi de dez anos. Utilizou-se a perspectiva do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e, como medida de efetividade, os casos adicionais diagnosticados pela inclusão da PET-TC. Foram considerados apenas os custos médicos diretos. O custo do PET-TC foi estimado por microcustos; os demais custos foram obtidos das tabelas de pagamento de procedimentos do SUS. Custos e benefícios foram descontados em 5%. Realizaram-se análises de sensibilidade determinística univariada e probabilística. Detectaram-se 1.875 casos de recorrência com a estratégia convencional. Uso da 18FDG-PET-TC permitiu a detecção adicional de 13 casos, com custo de R$477.633,05/caso detectado. Os parâmetros de maior impacto na análise foram: medidas de acurácia dos métodos convencionais, custo do PET-TC e taxa de desconto. Os custos da adição da PET-TC mostram-se significativos e sua introdução não é custo-efetiva.
The positron emission tomography (18FDG-PET/CT) was recently introduced in Brazilian health care for many oncology indications but accompanied by higher costs. In our study we performed a cost-effectiveness analysis of the addition of PET/CT to the conventional diagnostic work-up to detect recurrent differentiated thyroid cancers. The analytical decision model represented a hypothetical cohort of adults, thyroid cancer patients with high risk by initial stratification, submitted to total thyroidectomy and ablation with I131. The addition of PET/CT was applied to subjects with negative results on I131scintigraphy. The model was designed from the perspective of the Brazilian public health care system, with a time horizon of 10 years. Effectiveness was measured by the additional recurrent cases detected. Only direct medical costs were considered. Costs and benefits were discounted by 5%. Univariate deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyzes were performed to explore the uncertainties. The PET/CT diagnosed 13 additional cases compared to conventional strategy (1,888 vs 1,875) by a cost of R$477,633.05 per case detected. The parameters of greatest impact in the sensitivity analysis were the accuracy of conventional tests, cost of PET/CT and the discount rate. The costs of adding PET/CT seems significant and its introduction is not cost-effective on the Brazilian perspective.
The positron emission tomography (18FDG-PET/CT) was recently introduced in Brazilian health care for many oncology indications but accompanied by higher costs. In our study we performed a cost-effectiveness analysis of the addition of PET/CT to the conventional diagnostic work-up to detect recurrent differentiated thyroid cancers. The analytical decision model represented a hypothetical cohort of adults, thyroid cancer patients with high risk by initial stratification, submitted to total thyroidectomy and ablation with I131. The addition of PET/CT was applied to subjects with negative results on I131scintigraphy. The model was designed from the perspective of the Brazilian public health care system, with a time horizon of 10 years. Effectiveness was measured by the additional recurrent cases detected. Only direct medical costs were considered. Costs and benefits were discounted by 5%. Univariate deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyzes were performed to explore the uncertainties. The PET/CT diagnosed 13 additional cases compared to conventional strategy (1,888 vs 1,875) by a cost of R$477,633.05 per case detected. The parameters of greatest impact in the sensitivity analysis were the accuracy of conventional tests, cost of PET/CT and the discount rate. The costs of adding PET/CT seems significant and its introduction is not cost-effective on the Brazilian perspective.
Description
Palavras-chave
Câncer de tireoide, Tomografia de emissão de pósitrons, FDG-PET-TC, Custo-efetividade, Avaliação de tecnologias biomédicas, Thyroid cancer, Differentiated thyroid carcinoma, Cost-effectiveness analysis, F-FDG-PET, Positron emission tomography
Citação
Caetano R, Biz NA, Schluckebier LF, Silva RM, Braga JU, Bastos CRG. Custo-efetividade do uso da tomografia de emissão de pósitrons na detecção de recorrência do câncer diferenciado de tireoide. Physis: Revista de Saúde Coletiva. 2016;26(1):331-356. Doi: 10.1590/S0103-73312016000100018.