Prevalence and factors associated with latent tuberculosis infection in an indigenous population in the Brazilian Amazon
Prevalence and factors associated with latent tuberculosis infection in an indigenous population in the Brazilian Amazon
Data
2016
Autores
Malacarne, Jocieli
Rios, Diana Patricia Giraldo
Silva, Cosme Marcelo Furtado Passos da
Braga, José Ueleres
Camacho, Luiz Antonio Bastos
Basta, Paulo Cesar
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical
Resumo
Introduction: Recent studies have shown a high incidence and prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in indigenous
populations around the World. We aimed to estimate the prevalence and annual risk of infection (ARI) as well as to identify
factors associated with LTBI in an indigenous population from the Brazilian Amazon. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional
study in 2011. We performed tuberculin skin tests (TSTs), smears and cultures of sputum samples, and chest radiographs for
individuals who reported cough for two or more weeks. Associations between LTBI (TST ≥5mm) and socio-demographic,
clinical, and epidemiological characteristics were investigated using Poisson regression with robust variance. Prevalence ratio
(PR) was used as the measure of association. Results: We examined 263 individuals. The prevalence of LTBI was 40.3%, and
the ARI was 2.4%. Age ≥15 years [PR=5.5; 95% confi dence interval (CI): 3.5-8.6], contact with tuberculosis (TB) patients
(PR=3.8; 95% CI: 1.2–11.9), previous TB history (PR=1.4; 95% CI: 1.2-1.7), and presence of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)
scar (PR=1.9, 95% CI: 1.2-2.9) were associated with LTBI. Conclusions: Although some adults may have been infected years
prior, the high prevalence of infection and its strong association with age ≥15 years, history of TB, and recent contact with TB
patients suggest that the TB transmission risk is high in the study area.
Description
Palavras-chave
Epidemiology, Health services indigenous, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Public health surveillance, South American Indians.
Citação
Malacarne J, Rios DP, Silva CM, Braga JU, Camacho LA, Basta PC. Prevalence and factors associated with latent tuberculosis infection in an indigenous population in the Brazilian Amazon. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2016 Jul-Aug;49(4):456-64. doi: 10.1590/0037-8682-0220-2016.