ERICA: início da vida sexual e contracepção em adolescentes brasileiros
ERICA: início da vida sexual e contracepção em adolescentes brasileiros
Data
2016
Autores
Borges, Ana Luiza Vilela
Fujimori, Elizabeth
Kuschnir, Maria Cristina Caetano
Chofakian, Christiane Borges do Nascimento
Moraes, Ana Júlia Pantoja de
Azevedo, George Dantas
Santos, Karine Ferreira dos
Vasconcellos, Mauricio Teixeira Leite de
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Revista de Saúde Pública
Resumo
OBJETIVO: Estimar prevalências de iniciação sexual e uso de métodos contraceptivos na última relação sexual de adolescentes brasileiros, segundo características sociodemográficas. MÉTODOS: Os dados foram obtidos do Estudo de Riscos Cardiovasculares em Adolescentes (ERICA), estudo transversal nacional de base escolar. Foram incluídos 74.589 adolescentes provenientes de 32 estratos geográficos (27 capitais e cinco conjuntos de municípios com mais de 100 mil habitantes de cada uma das cinco macrorregiões do País). Utilizaram-se informações sobre iniciação sexual e uso de métodos contraceptivos na última relação sexual (preservativo masculino e pílula anticonceptiva oral). Estimaram-se prevalências e intervalos de confiança (IC95%) das variáveis de interesse considerando pesos amostrais e segundo sexo, idade, tipo de escola, situação de residência, macrorregião e capitais. RESULTADOS:Observou-se que 28,1% (IC95% 27,0-29,2) dos adolescentes tinham iniciado a vida sexual, com maior prevalência naqueles com 17 anos (56,4%, IC95% 53,9-58,9), no sexo masculino (33,5%, IC95% 31,8-35,2), em escolas públicas (29,9%, IC95% 28,5-31,4) e na região Norte (33,9%, IC95% 32,3-35,4), destacando-se em Macapá, Manaus e Rio Branco. Entre adolescentes que tinham iniciado a vida sexual, 82,3% (IC95% 81,1-83,4) referiram uso de métodos contraceptivos na última relação sexual, sendo a prevalência de uso maior entre adolescentes com 17 anos de idade (85,3%, IC95% 82,7-87,6), mulheres (85,2%, IC95%:83,8-86,5) e residentes na região Sul (85,9%, IC95% 82,9-88,5). O preservativo masculino foi usado por 68,8% (IC95% 66,9-70,7), sem diferença por tipo de escola ou macrorregiões. Pílula anticoncepcional foi utilizada por 13,4% (IC95% 12,2-14,6), sendo mais frequente entre mulheres (24,7%, IC95% 22,5-27,0), adolescentes de 17 anos (20,8%, IC95% 18,2-23,6), da área urbana (13,7%, IC95% 12,5-14,9) e da região Sul (22,6%, IC95% 19,0-26,8), e menos frequente na região Norte. CONCLUSÕES: A análise dos dados sobre sexualidade e contracepção do ERICA mostra que há heterogeneidades nas prevalências de iniciação sexual e uso de métodos contraceptivos entre os adolescentes brasileiros, a depender de sua idade, de onde vivem e do tipo de escola que frequentam. Adolescentes mais novos e residentes na região Norte parecem ser os mais vulneráveis às consequências das práticas sexuais não protegidas.
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of sexual initiation and contraceptive use at the last sexual intercourse of Brazilian adolescents, according to sociodemographic features. METHODS: The data were obtained from the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA), a national school-based cross-sectional study. We included 74,589 adolescents from 32 geographic strata (27 capitals and five sets of municipalities with more than 100,000 inhabitants of each of the five macro-regions of the Country). Information on sexual initiation and contraceptive use at the last sexual intercourse (male condom and oral contraceptive pill) has been used. We have estimated prevalence and confidence intervals (95%CI) considering sample weights according to sex, age, type of school, residence status, macro-region and capitals. RESULTS: We observed that 28.1% (95%CI 27.0-29.2) of the adolescents had already initiated sexual life, with higher prevalence among those aged 17 years (56.4%, 95%CI 53.9-58.9), males (33.5%, 95%CI 31.8-35.2), studying at public schools (29.9%, 95%CI 28.5-31.4), and from the Northern region (33.9%, 95%CI 32.3-35.4), mainly from Macapa, Manaus, and Rio Branco. Among those who had started their sexual life, 82.3% (95%CI 81.1-83.4) reported the use of contraceptive methods at the last intercourse, and the prevalence of use was higher among adolescents aged 17 years (85.3%, 95%CI 82.7-87.6), females (85.2%, 95%CI 83.8-86.5) and those living in the Southern region (85.9%, 95%CI 82.9-88.5). Male condom was used by 68.8% (95%CI 66.9-70.7), with no difference by type of school or macro-regions; the contraceptive pill was used by 13.4% (CI95% 12.2-14.6), and more frequently used among women (24.7%, 95%CI 22.5-27,0) and 17-year-old adolescents (20.8%, 95%CI 18.2-23.6) from urban settings(13.7%, 95%CI 12.5-14.9) and from the Southern region (22.6%, 95%CI 19.0-26.8), and less often in the Northern region. CONCLUSIONS: ERICA’s data analysis on sexuality and contraception shows heterogeneities in the prevalence of sexual initiation and use of contraceptive methods among Brazilian adolescents, depending on their age, where they live, and the type of school they study at. Younger adolescents and those living in the Northern region seem to be more vulnerable to the consequences of unprotected sexual intercourses.
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of sexual initiation and contraceptive use at the last sexual intercourse of Brazilian adolescents, according to sociodemographic features. METHODS: The data were obtained from the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA), a national school-based cross-sectional study. We included 74,589 adolescents from 32 geographic strata (27 capitals and five sets of municipalities with more than 100,000 inhabitants of each of the five macro-regions of the Country). Information on sexual initiation and contraceptive use at the last sexual intercourse (male condom and oral contraceptive pill) has been used. We have estimated prevalence and confidence intervals (95%CI) considering sample weights according to sex, age, type of school, residence status, macro-region and capitals. RESULTS: We observed that 28.1% (95%CI 27.0-29.2) of the adolescents had already initiated sexual life, with higher prevalence among those aged 17 years (56.4%, 95%CI 53.9-58.9), males (33.5%, 95%CI 31.8-35.2), studying at public schools (29.9%, 95%CI 28.5-31.4), and from the Northern region (33.9%, 95%CI 32.3-35.4), mainly from Macapa, Manaus, and Rio Branco. Among those who had started their sexual life, 82.3% (95%CI 81.1-83.4) reported the use of contraceptive methods at the last intercourse, and the prevalence of use was higher among adolescents aged 17 years (85.3%, 95%CI 82.7-87.6), females (85.2%, 95%CI 83.8-86.5) and those living in the Southern region (85.9%, 95%CI 82.9-88.5). Male condom was used by 68.8% (95%CI 66.9-70.7), with no difference by type of school or macro-regions; the contraceptive pill was used by 13.4% (CI95% 12.2-14.6), and more frequently used among women (24.7%, 95%CI 22.5-27,0) and 17-year-old adolescents (20.8%, 95%CI 18.2-23.6) from urban settings(13.7%, 95%CI 12.5-14.9) and from the Southern region (22.6%, 95%CI 19.0-26.8), and less often in the Northern region. CONCLUSIONS: ERICA’s data analysis on sexuality and contraception shows heterogeneities in the prevalence of sexual initiation and use of contraceptive methods among Brazilian adolescents, depending on their age, where they live, and the type of school they study at. Younger adolescents and those living in the Northern region seem to be more vulnerable to the consequences of unprotected sexual intercourses.
Description
Palavras-chave
Adolescente, Comportamento Sexual, Anticoncepção, Saúde Sexual e Reprodutiva, Estudos Transversais, Adolescent, Sexual Behavior, Contraception, Sexual and Reproductive Health, Cross-Sectional Studies
Citação
Borges AL, Fujimori E, Kuschnir MCC, Chofakian CBN, Moraes AJP, Azevedo GD, Santos KF, Vasconcellos MTL. ERICA: sexual initiation and contraception in Brazilian adolescents. Rev. Saúde Pública. 2018;50(suppl 1):15s. Doi: 10.1590/S01518-8787.2016050006686.