Health, economic and social burden of tobacco in Latin America and the expected gains of fully implementing taxes, plain packaging, advertising bans and smoke-free environments control measures: a modelling study
Health, economic and social burden of tobacco in Latin America and the expected gains of fully implementing taxes, plain packaging, advertising bans and smoke-free environments control measures: a modelling study
Data
2024
Autores
Pichon-Riviere, Andrés
Bardach, Ariel
Cairoli, Federico Rodríguez
Casarini, Agustín
Espinola, Natalia
Perelli, Lucas
Reynales-Shigematsu, Luz Myriam
Llorente, Blanca
Pinto, Marcia
Juárez, Belén Saenz De Miera
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Tobacco Control
Resumo
Objective To investigate the tobacco-attributable
burden on disease, medical costs, productivity
losses and informal caregiving; and to estimate the
health and economic gains that can be achieved if
the main tobacco control measures (raising taxes
on tobacco, plain packaging, advertising bans and
smoke-free environments) are fully implemented in
eight countries that encompass 80% of the Latin
American population.
Design Markov probabilistic microsimulation
economic model of the natural history, costs and
quality of life associated with the main tobacco-
related diseases. Model inputs and data on labour
productivity, informal caregivers’ burden and
interventions’ effectiveness were obtained through
literature review, surveys, civil registrations, vital
statistics and hospital databases. Epidemiological
and economic data from January to October 2020
were used to populate the model.
Findings In these eight countries, smoking
is responsible each year for 351 000 deaths,
2.25 million disease events, 12.2 million healthy
years of life lost, US$22.8 billion in direct medical
costs, US$16.2 billion in lost productivity and
US$10.8 billion in caregiver costs. These economic
losses represent 1.4% of countries’ aggregated
gross domestic products. The full implementation
and enforcement of the four strategies: taxes,
plain packaging, advertising bans and smoke-free
environments would avert 271 000, 78 000, 71
000 and 39 000 deaths, respectively, in the next
10 years, and result in US$63.8, US$12.3, US$11.4
and US$5.7 billions in economic gains, respectively,
on top of the benefits being achieved today by the
current level of implementation of these measures.
Conclusions Smoking represents a substantial burden
in Latin America. The full implementation of tobacco
control measures could successfully avert deaths and
disability, reduce healthcare spending and caregiver and
productivity losses, likely resulting in large net economic
benefits.
Description
Palavras-chave
Advertising and Promotion, Low/Middle income country, Packaging and Labelling, Public policy, Taxation
Citação
Pichon-Riviere A, Bardach A, Rodríguez Cairoli F, Casarini A, Espinola N, Perelli L, Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Llorente B, Pinto M, Saenz De Miera Juárez B, Villacres T, Peña Torres E, Amador N, Loza C, Castillo-Riquelme M, Roberti J, Augustovski F, Alcaraz A, Palacios A. Health, economic and social burden of tobacco in Latin America and the expected gains of fully implementing taxes, plain packaging, advertising bans and smoke-free environments control measures: a modelling study. Tob Control. 2024 Sep 25;33(5):611-621. doi: 10.1136/tc-2022-057618.