Microvascular endothelial dysfunction in vascular senescence and disease
Microvascular endothelial dysfunction in vascular senescence and disease
Data
2025
Autores
Kasal, Daniel A.
Sena, Viviane
Huguenin, Grazielle Vilas Bôas
Lorenzo, Andrea De
Tibiriçá, Eduardo
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
Resumo
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in the
adult and the elderly, with increasing prevalence worldwide. A growing body of
research has focused on the earliest stage of vascular decline—endothelial
dysfunction (ED)—which at the microvascular level can anticipate in decades the
diagnosis of CVD. This review aims to provide a prospect of the literature
regarding the development of ED as an indissociable feature of the aging of the
cardiovascular system, highlighting the role of inflammation in the process.
Vascular aging consists of a lifelong continuum, which starts with cell respiration
and its inherent production of reactive oxygen species. Molecular imbalance is
followed by cellular epigenetic changes, which modulate immune cells, such as
macrophage and lymphocyte subtypes. These mechanisms are influenced by
lifestyle habits, which affect inflammation hotspots in organism, such as visceral
fat and gut microbiota. The process can ultimately lead to an environment
committed to the loss of the physiological functions of endothelial cells. In
addition, we discuss lifestyle changes targeting the connection between
age-related inflammation and vascular dysfunction. Addressing microvascular ED
represents a critical endeavor in order to prevent or delay vascular aging and
associated diseases.
Description
Palavras-chave
Microvascular endothelial dysfunction, Inflammation, Aging, Cardiovascular disease, Oxidative stress.
Citação
Kasal DA, Sena V, Huguenin GVB, De Lorenzo A, Tibirica E. Microvascular endothelial dysfunction in vascular senescence and disease. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2025 Feb 18;12:1505516. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2025.1505516.