Association between polyunsaturated fatty acids intake and insulin resistance in Brazilian adolescents (ERICA Study)
Association between polyunsaturated fatty acids intake and insulin resistance in Brazilian adolescents (ERICA Study)
Data
2023
Autores
Takey, Márcia
Giannini, Denise Tavares
Kuschnir, Maria Cristina Caetano
Bloch, Katia Vergetti
Szklo, Moyses
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Nutrition
Resumo
Objective: Some studies have proposed a beneficial effect of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake with
regard to insulin sensitivity. The aim of this study was to estimate the energy percentage and the daily PUFA
intake to investigate the association between PUFAs and insulin resistance in a large sample of Brazilian
adolescents.
Methods: We evaluated 37 023 adolescents ages 12 to 17 y, who were participants in ERICA (Study of Cardio-
vascular Risk in Adolescents). Energy percentage and PUFA daily intake were extracted from a 24-h dietary
recall. The mean daily intake of total fat, median, and the respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of daily
intake of linoleic acid (LA), a-linolenic acid (ALA) and the ratio of LA to ALA were estimated according to soci-
odemographic variables. Associations of PUFA and markers of glucose homeostasis were analyzed by Poisson
regression model.
Results: Mean total fat intake was 30.1% of energy (95% CI, 29.930.4). Most participants met the current rec-
ommended values of PUFA and LA/ALA ratio ranging from 5:1 to 10:1 (80.9%, 95% CI, 79.881.8). ALA intake
was inversely associated with higher waist circumference (prevalence ratio [PR], 0.996; 95% CI,
0.9940.998). LA/ALA ratio 9:1 was significantly associated with higher levels of homeostasis model assess-
ment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR; PR, 1.01; 95% CI, 1.0061.02), and ratio >10:1 also showed significant
association with higher levels of HOMA-IR (PR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.011.03) and glycated hemoglobin (PR, 1.14;
95% CI, 1.041.26). These associations remained significant after adjustment.
Conclusion: Promotion of ALA intake and balanced LA/ALA ratio should be considered as a possible health
strategy aimed at contributing to better control of glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance in adolescents.
Description
Palavras-chave
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), Insulin resistance, Type 2 diabetes, HOMA-IR, Adolescent, Brazil
Citação
Takey M, Giannini DT, Kuschnir MCC, Bloch KV, Szklo M. Association between polyunsaturated fatty acids intake and insulin resistance in Brazilian adolescents (ERICA Study). Nutrition. 2023 Jul;111:112051. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112051