Splenic Embolism in Infective Endocarditis: A Systematic Review of the Literature with an Emphasis on Radiological and Histopathological Diagnoses

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dc.contributor.authorMoreira, Gabriel Santiago
dc.contributor.authorFeijóo, Nícolas de Albuquerque Pereira
dc.contributor.authorTinoco-da-Silva, Isabella Braga
dc.contributor.authorAguiar, Cyntia Mendes
dc.contributor.authorConceição, Francijane Oliveira da
dc.contributor.authorCastro, Gustavo Campos Monteiro de
dc.contributor.authorCarvalho, Mariana Giorgi Barroso de
dc.contributor.authorAlmeida, Thatyane Veloso de Paula Amaral de
dc.contributor.authorGarrido, Rafael Quaresma
dc.contributor.authorLamas, Cristiane da Cruz
dc.date.accessioned2025-02-04T14:34:04Z
dc.date.available2025-02-04T14:34:04Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.description.abstractInfective endocarditis (IE) is characterised by fever, heart murmurs, and emboli. Splenic emboli are frequent in left-sided IE. A systematic review of the literature published on splenic embolism (SE) between 2000 and 2023 was conducted. Search strategies in electronic databases identified 2751 studies published between 1 January 2000 and 4 October 2023, of which 29 were finally included. The results showed that the imaging tests predominantly used to detect embolisms were computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography (PET)/CT, single-photon emission computed tomography/CT, ultrasound, and contrast-enhanced ultrasound. More recent studies typically used 18F-FDG PET-CT. The proportion of SE ranged from 1.4% to 71.7%. Only seven studies performed systematic conventional CT screening for intra-abdominal emboli, and the weighted mean frequency of SE was 22% (range: 8–34.8%). 18F-FDG PET-CT was performed systematically in seven studies, and splenic uptake was found in a weighted mean of 4.5%. There was a lack of uniformity in the published literature regarding the frequency and management of splenic embolisation. CT scans were the most frequently used method, until recently, when 18F-FDG PET-CT scans began to predominate. More data are necessary regarding the frequency of SE, especially focusing on their impact on IE management and prognosis.
dc.identifier.citationMoreira GS, Feijóo NAP, Tinoco-da-Silva IB, Aguiar CM, da Conceição FO, de Castro GCM, de Carvalho MGB, de Almeida TVPA, Garrido RQ, Lamas CDC. Splenic Embolism in Infective Endocarditis: A Systematic Review of the Literature with an Emphasis on Radiological and Histopathological Diagnoses. Trop Med Infect Dis. 2024 Apr 12;9(4):83. doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed9040083.
dc.identifier.otherDOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed9040083
dc.identifier.urihttps://dspace.inc.saude.gov.br/handle/123456789/789
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherTropical Medicine and Infectious Disease
dc.subjectComputed tomographyen
dc.subjectembolismen
dc.subjectendocarditisen
dc.subjecthistopathologyen
dc.subjectimagingen
dc.subjectpathologyen
dc.subjectpositron emission tomographyen
dc.subjectspleenen
dc.subjectsplenic embolien
dc.subjecttomography.en
dc.titleSplenic Embolism in Infective Endocarditis: A Systematic Review of the Literature with an Emphasis on Radiological and Histopathological Diagnoses
dc.typeArticle
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