The association of depression, anxiety, and stress with caring for a child with Congenital Zika Syndrome in Brazil; Results of a cross- sectional study

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dc.contributor.authorKuper, Hannah
dc.contributor.authorMoreira, Maria Elisabeth Lopes
dc.contributor.authorAraújo, Thália Velho Barreto de
dc.contributor.authorValongueiro, Sandra
dc.contributor.authorFernandes, Silke
dc.contributor.authorPinto, Marcia
dc.contributor.authorLyra, Tereza Maciel
dc.date.accessioned2024-10-14T15:11:55Z
dc.date.available2024-10-14T15:11:55Z
dc.date.issued2019
dc.description.abstractBackground Zika virus (ZIKV) infection in pregnancy can cause microcephaly and a wide spectrum of severe adverse outcomes, collectively called “Congenital Zika Syndrome” (CZS). Parenting a child with disabilities can have adverse mental health impacts, but these associations have not been fully explored in the context of CZS in Brazil. Methodology/Principal findings A cross-sectional study was undertaken in Recife and Rio de Janeiro, including 163 caregiv- ers of a child with CZS (cases) and 324 caregivers with an unaffected child (comparison subjects), identified from existing studies. The primary caregiver, almost always the mother, was interviewed using a structured questionnaire to collect information on: depression, anxi- ety, and stress (Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale—DASS-21), social support (Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Scale—MOS-SSS), and socio-demographic data. Data was collected May 2017-January 2018. Ethical standards were adhered to throughout the research. A high proportion of mothers reported experiencing severe or extremely severe levels of depression (18%), anxiety (27%) and stress (36%). Mothers of children with CZS were more likely to experience symptoms of depression, anxiety andstress, compared to mothers of comparison children. These associations were more apparent among mothers living in Rio de Janeiro. These differences were reduced after adjustment for socio-eco- nomic status and social support. Among mothers of children with CZS, low social support was linked to higher levels of depression, anxiety and stress, but there was no association with socio-economic status. Conclusions/Significance Depression, anxiety and stress were very common among mothers of young children in Bra- zil, regardless of whether they were parenting a child with disabilities. Mothers of children with CZS may be particularly vulnerable to poor mental health, and this association may be buffered through better social support.
dc.identifier.citationKuper H, Lopes Moreira ME, Barreto de Araújo TV, Valongueiro S, Fernandes S, Pinto M, Lyra TM. The association of depression, anxiety, and stress with caring for a child with Congenital Zika Syndrome in Brazil; Results of a cross-sectional study. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2019 Sep 30;13(9):e0007768. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007768.
dc.identifier.otherDOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007768.
dc.identifier.urihttps://dspace.inc.saude.gov.br/handle/123456789/499
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherPLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
dc.subjectAdulten
dc.subjectAnxiety / epidemiology*en
dc.subjectAnxiety / etiologyen
dc.subjectBrazilen
dc.subjectCaregivers / psychologyen
dc.subjectCase-Control Studiesen
dc.subjectCross-Sectional Studiesen
dc.subjectDepression / epidemiologyen
dc.subjectDepression / etiologyen
dc.subjectFemaleen
dc.subjectHumansen
dc.subjectInfanten
dc.subjectMaleen
dc.subjectMicrocephalyen
dc.subjectMothers / psychology*en
dc.subjectSocial Classen
dc.subjectSocial Supporten
dc.subjectStress, Psychological / epidemiology*en
dc.subjectStress, Psychological / etiologyen
dc.subjectSurveys and Questionnairesen
dc.subjectZika Virus Infection / congenital*en
dc.titleThe association of depression, anxiety, and stress with caring for a child with Congenital Zika Syndrome in Brazil; Results of a cross- sectional study
dc.typeArticle
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