Prevalência de fatores de risco cardiovascular em adolescentes de escolas públicas do município do Rio de Janeiro
Prevalência de fatores de risco cardiovascular em adolescentes de escolas públicas do município do Rio de Janeiro
Data
2016
Autores
Fabiano, Leonardo Corrêa Castro
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia
Resumo
Introdução. As doenças cardiovasculares ainda são a maior causa de mortes no mundo. Muitas mortes por ano poderiam ser evitadas se toda a população mundial fosse suficientemente ativa fisicamente. Objetivos. O geral é descrever a ocorrência de fatores de risco cardiovascular em adolescentes com idade entre 10 e 15 anos, alunos de escolas públicas do município do Rio de Janeiro, sendo uma delas, modelo em práticas esportivas e a outra, uma escola regular. Os objetivos específicos são: comparar a ocorrência dos fatores de risco cardiovascular (FRCV) entre as duas escolas, e correlacionar a ocorrência dos FRCV para diferentes modalidades esportivas praticadas na escola modelo. Metodologia: Estudo transversal realizado com uma amostra de conveniência de 422 adolescentes escolares do município do Rio de Janeiro entre 10 e 15 anos de idade, composta por alunos do Ginásio Experimental Olímpico (GEO) e da Escola Municipal Figueiredo Pimentel (EMFP), uma escola comum. Análise descritiva dos dados foi realizada utilizando média e desvio-padrão (DP) ou mediana e intervalo interquartil (IIQ) para variáveis contínuas, dependendo da distribuição dos dados, e proporção para variáveis categóricas, sendo realizados os testes t Student e qui-quadrado para comparação, respectivamente. As modalidades esportivas foram analisadas individualmente e classificadas em duas categorias de acordo com o respectivo equivalente metabólico (MET) se abaixo ou acima de 5 MET a depender do tipo de modalidade esportiva praticada. Resultados: Dos 422 participantes, 274 eram alunos do GEO e 148 eram alunos da EMFP. A média de idade foi semelhante nas duas escolas, sendo 12,5 anos (DP 1,6) na EMFP e 12,6 (DP 0,9) no GEO, enquanto 65,5% (97/148) dos alunos eram do sexo feminino na EMFP e 43,8% (120/274) no GEO (p<0,01). Diferenças significativas foram encontradas entre os alunos da EMFP e do GEO em relação à proporção de casos de HAS (20% x 6,3%; diferença de 13,7%; p<0,01) e de CT (colesterol total) limítrofe (27,7% x 17,3%, diferença de 10,4%; p=0,01). Considerando as categorias de MET das modalidades esportivas praticadas pelos alunos do GEO, para idade e sexo, o grupo MET baixo apresentou chance 2 vezes maior de CT limítrofe, no entanto estatisticamente não significativa. Conclusão: O presente estudo destaca a importância da ocorrência de fatores de risco cardiovascular nos adolescentes e sugere programas de treinamento de práticas esportivas supervisionadas nas escolas para uma maior aderência dos alunos aos exercícios.
Introduction. Cardiovascular diseases are still the leading cause of deaths worldwide. Many deaths per year could be avoided if everyone in the world was sufficiently physically active. Objectives. The general is to describe the occurrence of cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents aged 10 to 15 years, students from public schools in the city of Rio de Janeiro, one of which, model in sports and the other a regular school. The specific objectives are: to compare the occurrence of cardiovascular risk factors (CRF) between the two schools, and correlate the occurrence of CRF for different sports practiced in the school model. Methodology. Cross-sectional study conducted with a convenience sample of 422 adolescent students in the city of Rio de Janeiro between 10 and 15 years old, composed of students of the Experimental Olympic Gymnasium (EOG) and the Municipal School Figueiredo Pimentel (MSFP), an ordinary school. Descriptive analysis was performed using mean and standard deviation (SD) or median and interquartile range (IQR) for continuous variables, depending on the data distribution, and proportion for categorical variables, t test Student and Chi-square underway to comparison, respectively. The sports were analyzed individually and classified into two categories according to their metabolic equivalent (MET) is below or above 5 MET depending on the type of sport practiced. Results. Of the 422 participants, 274 were students of the EOG and 148 were students of MSFP. Mean age was similar in the two schools, and 12.5 years (SD 1.6) in MSFP and 12.6 (SD 0.9) in EOG, while 65.5% (97/148) of students were female in MSFP and 43.8% (120/274) in the EOG (p<0.01). Significant differences were found between students of MSFP and EOG regarding the proportion of cases of hypertension (20% vs 6.3%; 13.7% difference, p<0.01) and borderline total cholesterol (27.7 % vs 17.3%, 10.4% difference, p=0.01). Considering the categories of MET of sports practiced by the EOG students, for age and gender, low MET group showed a 2-fold greater chance of borderline total cholesterol (TC), however statistically not significant. Conclusion. This study highlights the importance of the occurrence of cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents, and suggests training programs for sports supervised in schools for greater adherence of students to exercise.
Introduction. Cardiovascular diseases are still the leading cause of deaths worldwide. Many deaths per year could be avoided if everyone in the world was sufficiently physically active. Objectives. The general is to describe the occurrence of cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents aged 10 to 15 years, students from public schools in the city of Rio de Janeiro, one of which, model in sports and the other a regular school. The specific objectives are: to compare the occurrence of cardiovascular risk factors (CRF) between the two schools, and correlate the occurrence of CRF for different sports practiced in the school model. Methodology. Cross-sectional study conducted with a convenience sample of 422 adolescent students in the city of Rio de Janeiro between 10 and 15 years old, composed of students of the Experimental Olympic Gymnasium (EOG) and the Municipal School Figueiredo Pimentel (MSFP), an ordinary school. Descriptive analysis was performed using mean and standard deviation (SD) or median and interquartile range (IQR) for continuous variables, depending on the data distribution, and proportion for categorical variables, t test Student and Chi-square underway to comparison, respectively. The sports were analyzed individually and classified into two categories according to their metabolic equivalent (MET) is below or above 5 MET depending on the type of sport practiced. Results. Of the 422 participants, 274 were students of the EOG and 148 were students of MSFP. Mean age was similar in the two schools, and 12.5 years (SD 1.6) in MSFP and 12.6 (SD 0.9) in EOG, while 65.5% (97/148) of students were female in MSFP and 43.8% (120/274) in the EOG (p<0.01). Significant differences were found between students of MSFP and EOG regarding the proportion of cases of hypertension (20% vs 6.3%; 13.7% difference, p<0.01) and borderline total cholesterol (27.7 % vs 17.3%, 10.4% difference, p=0.01). Considering the categories of MET of sports practiced by the EOG students, for age and gender, low MET group showed a 2-fold greater chance of borderline total cholesterol (TC), however statistically not significant. Conclusion. This study highlights the importance of the occurrence of cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents, and suggests training programs for sports supervised in schools for greater adherence of students to exercise.
Description
Palavras-chave
Adolescentes, Atividade física, Epidemiologia, Fatores de risco cardiovascular, Adolescents, Physical activity, Epidemiology, Cardiovascular risk factors
Citação
Fabiano LCC.Prevalência de fatores de risco cardiovascular em adolescentes de escolas públicas do município do Rio de Janeiro. Dissertação [Mestrado Profissional em Ciências Cardiovasculares] - Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia; 2016.