Associação entre qualidade de vida e da dieta na doença aterosclerótica
Associação entre qualidade de vida e da dieta na doença aterosclerótica
Data
2014
Autores
Santos, Elisa Maia dos
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia
Resumo
Introdução: As doenças cardiovasculares são a principal causa de mortalidade no mundo. A qualidade de vida e da dieta podem se encontrar reduzidas nos pacientes com doença aterosclerótica, tornando-se importante sua avaliação nestes pacientes. Objetivo: Avaliar o estado nutricional, prática de atividade física, qualidade de vida (QV) e da dieta, e a associação entre esses dois indicadores em pacientes com doença aterosclerótica (DA). Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado em dois centros de saúde da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, com pacientes com história documentada de doença aterosclerótica nos últimos dez anos, participantes de estudo multicêntrico nacional. O estudo foi realizado em duas etapas. Na primeira etapa foram realizadas antropometria, aferição de pressão arterial, aplicação do questionário SF-36 para avaliação da QV e avaliação da prática de atividade física. Na segunda etapa foi realizada avaliação bioquímica e aplicado o questionário de frequência de consumo alimentar. Para avaliação da qualidade da dieta foi utilizado o Índice de qualidade da dieta revisado para a população brasileira (IQD-R). Utilizou-se os testes de Mann Whitney e Kruskal Wallis para avaliar diferenças entre os grupos. Os resultados foram expressos em mediana e percentis 25 e 75 (p25-p75). As análises foram realizadas, no programa estatístico SPPS (Statistical Package Social Science) versão 21. Foram considerados significativos valores de p<0,05. Resultados: Participaram do estudo duzentos e setenta e três pacientes com média de idade de 64,6 ±8,8 anos, em sua maioria do sexo masculino (61,5%). Foi observada mediana de IQD-R de 78,54 (75,65-80,48). Observamos ainda o elevado consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados, representando cerca de 20% da ingestão calórica média. O consumo de vitamina D e E encontra-se aquém das recomendações segundo as Estimativas médias de consumo (EAR). Foram observados baixos escores de QV no grupo avaliado, sendo a QV pior nas mulheres. Os pacientes obesos apresentaram pior qualidade da dieta e de vida, além de menor consumo de frutas e leite e derivados. Os pacientes praticantes de atividade física apresentaram melhor QV e da dieta. O consumo adequado de ácidos graxos saturados foi associado a melhor QV. Conclusão: Pacientes com DA em prevenção secundária apresentaram baixa qualidade de vida e da dieta. Foi encontrada associação fraca entre QV e qualidade da dieta no grupo estudado, mas o consumo de ácidos graxos saturados dentro das recomendações foi associado a melhor qualidade de vida. Sugerimos que a avaliação desses índices possa ser uma ferramenta útil para ao acompanhamento clínico e nutricional de pacientes com doença aterosclerótica.
Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. The quality of life and quality of diet are impaired in patients with atherosclerotic disease, making it important to evaluate these patients. Objectives: To evaluate the nutritional status, quality of life (QoL) and diet, and the association between these two indicators in patients with atherosclerotic disease (AD). Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in two health centers in the city of Rio de Janeiro, in patients with documented history of atherosclerotic disease in the past decade in participants of a nation wide multicenter study. The study was conducted in two stages. In the first stage anthropometry assessment was performed. Blood pressure measurement and application of the SF-36 for QoL assessment were also done. In the second stage, laboratory assessment was performed and applied the food frequency questionnaire. To evaluate the quality of the diet we used the diet quality index revised for the Brazilian population (HEI-R). We used the Mann Whitney or Kruskal-Wallis test to assess differences between the groups .The results were expressed as median, 25th - 75thpercentile (p25 - p75). Analyses were performed using the SPSS statistical package, and considered p<0,05. Results: The study included two hundred seventy-three patients with a mean age of 64.6±8.8 years, mostly male (61.5%). HEI-R median of 78,54 (75,65-80,48) was observed. We also observed high consumption of processed food, representing about 20 % of caloric intake average. The intake of vitamin D and E is short of recommendations according to the EAR. Lower QoL scores were observed in the group, and worse QoL in women. Obese patients had a poorer quality diet and life, and lower consumption of fruit and dairy products. Physically active patients had better QoL and diet. The adequate intake of saturated fatty acids was associated with better QoL. Conclusion: Patients with atherosclerotic disease in secondary prevention showed low quality of life and diet. The association between quality of life and diet was poor, but the consumption of saturated fatty acids within the recommendations was associated with better QOL. We suggest that the evaluation of these indexes may be a useful tool for the clinical and nutritional follow-up of patients with atherosclerotic disease.
Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. The quality of life and quality of diet are impaired in patients with atherosclerotic disease, making it important to evaluate these patients. Objectives: To evaluate the nutritional status, quality of life (QoL) and diet, and the association between these two indicators in patients with atherosclerotic disease (AD). Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in two health centers in the city of Rio de Janeiro, in patients with documented history of atherosclerotic disease in the past decade in participants of a nation wide multicenter study. The study was conducted in two stages. In the first stage anthropometry assessment was performed. Blood pressure measurement and application of the SF-36 for QoL assessment were also done. In the second stage, laboratory assessment was performed and applied the food frequency questionnaire. To evaluate the quality of the diet we used the diet quality index revised for the Brazilian population (HEI-R). We used the Mann Whitney or Kruskal-Wallis test to assess differences between the groups .The results were expressed as median, 25th - 75thpercentile (p25 - p75). Analyses were performed using the SPSS statistical package, and considered p<0,05. Results: The study included two hundred seventy-three patients with a mean age of 64.6±8.8 years, mostly male (61.5%). HEI-R median of 78,54 (75,65-80,48) was observed. We also observed high consumption of processed food, representing about 20 % of caloric intake average. The intake of vitamin D and E is short of recommendations according to the EAR. Lower QoL scores were observed in the group, and worse QoL in women. Obese patients had a poorer quality diet and life, and lower consumption of fruit and dairy products. Physically active patients had better QoL and diet. The adequate intake of saturated fatty acids was associated with better QoL. Conclusion: Patients with atherosclerotic disease in secondary prevention showed low quality of life and diet. The association between quality of life and diet was poor, but the consumption of saturated fatty acids within the recommendations was associated with better QOL. We suggest that the evaluation of these indexes may be a useful tool for the clinical and nutritional follow-up of patients with atherosclerotic disease.
Description
Palavras-chave
Aterosclerose, Qualidade de vida, Dieta, Índice de qualidade da dieta, Atherosclerosis, Quality of life, Diet, Secondary prevention, Diet quality index, Nutritional science
Citação
Santos EM. Associação entre qualidade de vida e da dieta na doença aterosclerótica. Rio de Janeiro. Dissertação [Mestrado Profissional em Ciências Cardiovasculares] - Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia; 2014.