Exercícios de dupla tarefa e desempenho cognitivo em indivíduos com doença arterial coronariana e/ou insuficiência cardíaca: uma revisão sistemática
Exercícios de dupla tarefa e desempenho cognitivo em indivíduos com doença arterial coronariana e/ou insuficiência cardíaca: uma revisão sistemática
Data
2024
Autores
Silva, Talita Cezareti
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia
Resumo
Introdução: Os exercícios de dupla tarefa (DT) emergem como uma estratégia
promissora para aprimorar o desempenho cognitivo (DC), podendo superar os
benefícios obtidos pelo treinamento físico ou cognitivo isoladamente. Diferentes definições e abordagens têm sido propostas para os exercícios de DT, destacando-se a combinação de treinamento físico com estímulo cognitivo, podendo representar uma estratégia importante para a prevenção e tratamento do declínio cognitivo em indivíduos com doenças arteriais coronarianas e/ou insuficiência cardíaca. Objetivo: revisar a literatura sobre a possível relação dos exercícios de dupla-tarefa motora-cognitiva com o desempenho cognitivo em indivíduos com doença arterial coronariana (DAC) e/ou insuficiência cardíaca (IC). Método: Revisão sistemática da literatura que incluiu estudos de intervenção e observacionais que avaliaram o efeito dos exercícios de dupla tarefa no desempenho cognitivo em indivíduos com DAC e/ou IC. As buscas foram realizadas nas bases MEDLINE/Pubmed, Scielo, Lilacs, PEDro e EMBASE. A qualidade metodológica foi avaliada através da escala PEDro e ROBII para os estudos de intervenção e Newcastle-Ottawa Scale para estudos observacionais. Resultados: Foram levantados 2.098 artigos após busca nas bases de dados e 21 artigos para leitura completa. Destes, 16 foram excluídos por não atenderem aos critérios de elegibilidade, levando a um total de cinco estudos finais conduzidos entre 2018 e 2022 em três países (Estados Unidos, Portugal e Rússia). Os estudos somaram 228 indivíduos, sendo um estudo com IC, um com mulheres com DAC, dois com indivíduos submetidos a revascularização do miocárdio e um com pacientes com DAC em fase 2 de reabilitação cardíaca. Os estudos utilizaram diferentes combinações de tarefas motoras e cognitivas como intervenção, que foram realizadas de forma sequencial (2 estudos) e simultânea (3 estudos), sendo um estudo utilizando treinamento virtual. Os resultados indicam que o exercício de dupla-tarefa apresentou um impacto positivo na memória, atenção seletiva e capacidade de resolução de conflitos, e também redução da disfunção cognitiva pós-operatória na cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio.
Conclusão: Os estudos revisados nesta pesquisa destacam potencial benefícios dos exercícios de dupla-tarefa motora-cognitiva como uma abordagem promissora na melhora do desempenho cognitivo em indivíduos com DAC e/ou IC.
Palavras-chave: Doença arterial coronariana. Insuficiência cardíaca. Isquemia do miocárdio. Comportamento multitarefa. Dupla tarefa. Desempenho cognitivo.
Introduction: Different definitions and approaches have been proposed for DT exercises, with the combination of physical training and cognitive representing an important strategy for preventing and treating cognitive decline in individuals with coronary artery disease (CAD) and/or heart failure (HF). Objective: To review the literature on the relationship between motor-cognitive dual-task exercises and cognitive performance in individuals with coronary artery disease (CAD) and/or heart failure (HF). Method: A systematic literature review including intervention and observational studies that evaluated the effect of dual-task exercises on cognitive performance in individuals with CAD and/or HF. Searches were conducted in the MEDLINE/PubMed, Scielo, Lilacs, PEDro, and EMBASE databases. Methodological quality was assessed using the PEDro and ROBII scales for intervention studies and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for observational studies. Difference and ratio effect measures were considered. Results: A total of 2,098 articles were identified after searching the databases, with 21 articles selected for full-text reading. Of these, 16 were excluded for not meeting eligibility criteria, resulting in five final studies conducted between 2018 and 2022 in three countries (United States, Portugal, and Russia). The studies involved 228 individuals, with one study focusing on HF, one on women with CAD, two on individuals undergoing myocardial revascularization, and one on patients with CAD in phase 2 of cardiac rehabilitation. Different combinations of motor and cognitive tasks were used as interventions, conducted sequentially in two studies and simultaneously in three studies, with one study using virtual training. The results indicate that dual-task exercise had a positive impact on memory, selective attention, conflict resolution ability, and also reduced postoperative cognitive dysfunction in myocardial revascularization surgery. Conclusion: The studies reviewed in this research highlight the importance of motor-cognitive dual-task exercises as a promising approach to improving cognitive performance in individuals with CAD and/or HF. Keywords: Coronary artery disease. Heart failure. Myocardial ischemia. Multitasking behavior. Dual task. Cognitive performance.
Introduction: Different definitions and approaches have been proposed for DT exercises, with the combination of physical training and cognitive representing an important strategy for preventing and treating cognitive decline in individuals with coronary artery disease (CAD) and/or heart failure (HF). Objective: To review the literature on the relationship between motor-cognitive dual-task exercises and cognitive performance in individuals with coronary artery disease (CAD) and/or heart failure (HF). Method: A systematic literature review including intervention and observational studies that evaluated the effect of dual-task exercises on cognitive performance in individuals with CAD and/or HF. Searches were conducted in the MEDLINE/PubMed, Scielo, Lilacs, PEDro, and EMBASE databases. Methodological quality was assessed using the PEDro and ROBII scales for intervention studies and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for observational studies. Difference and ratio effect measures were considered. Results: A total of 2,098 articles were identified after searching the databases, with 21 articles selected for full-text reading. Of these, 16 were excluded for not meeting eligibility criteria, resulting in five final studies conducted between 2018 and 2022 in three countries (United States, Portugal, and Russia). The studies involved 228 individuals, with one study focusing on HF, one on women with CAD, two on individuals undergoing myocardial revascularization, and one on patients with CAD in phase 2 of cardiac rehabilitation. Different combinations of motor and cognitive tasks were used as interventions, conducted sequentially in two studies and simultaneously in three studies, with one study using virtual training. The results indicate that dual-task exercise had a positive impact on memory, selective attention, conflict resolution ability, and also reduced postoperative cognitive dysfunction in myocardial revascularization surgery. Conclusion: The studies reviewed in this research highlight the importance of motor-cognitive dual-task exercises as a promising approach to improving cognitive performance in individuals with CAD and/or HF. Keywords: Coronary artery disease. Heart failure. Myocardial ischemia. Multitasking behavior. Dual task. Cognitive performance.
Description
Palavras-chave
Doença arterial coronariana, Insuficiência cardíaca, Isquemia do
miocárdio, Comportamento multitarefa, Dupla tarefa, Desempenho cognitivo, Coronary artery disease, Heart failure, Myocardial ischemia, Multitasking
behavior, Dual task, Cognitive performance
Citação
Silva TC. Exercícios de dupla tarefa e desempenho cognitivo em indivíduos com doença arterial coronariana e/ou insuficiência cardíaca: uma revisão sistemática. Rio de Janeiro. Dissertação [Mestrado Profissional em Ciências Cardiovasculares] Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia - INC; 2024.