Transtorno mental comum, trabalho e alteração na pressão arterial de adolescentes do estudo ERICA: no município do Rio de Janeiro
Transtorno mental comum, trabalho e alteração na pressão arterial de adolescentes do estudo ERICA: no município do Rio de Janeiro
Data
2016
Autores
Santos, Daniele Baptista dos
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia
Resumo
Introdução: Sabe-se que a adolescência é o momento do desenvolvimento humano
marcado por contínuas e profundas transformações no nível psíquico, físico e social.
Neste momento, muitos adolescentes entram no mercado de trabalho podendo
sofrer consequências negativas oriunda do processo de trabalhar. O termo
transtorno mental comum é utilizado para designar sintomas que demonstram uma
quebra do funcionamento normal do indivíduo, mas não configuram categoria
nosológica. A alteração da pressão arterial sistêmica em adolescentes está
comumente associada a excesso de peso, ao nível reduzido de atividade física, ao
erro alimentar e ao estresse. Apesar de existir um grande número de publicações
que abordam o tema transtorno mental comum, poucos são os estudos que buscam
uma associação deste com a elevação da pressão arterial ou o trabalho em
adolescentes. Objetivos: Verificar a associação entre transtorno mental comum e
pressão arterial elevada em adolescentes e verificar a associação entre transtorno
mental comum e trabalho na adolescência. Método: Estudo observacional
transversal, em população de adolescentes estudantes, com idade entre 12 e 17
anos, do município do Rio de Janeiro. O período da coleta de dados foi
compreendido entre Março de 2013 até Abril de 2014, esta foi feita através de
questionário autoaplicável com perguntas relacionadas ao trabalho; o transtorno
mental comum foi verificado utilizando o General Health Questionnaire com 12 itens
e a aferição da pressão arterial seguiu as recomendações internacionais para
adolescentes. A análise dos dados foi feita utilizando o programa Stata Statiscal
Software. Resultados: A amostra estudada totalizou 3.424 adolescentes sendo a
media da idade de 14,2 anos. A prevalência de TMC entre os adolescentes foi de
28,72% e de pressão arterial elevada 7,32%. O índice dos que afirmaram ter
trabalhado de forma remunerada ou não remunerada no ultimo ano foi 80,37%. A
pressão arterial elevada não teve associação estatisticamente significante com o
transtorno mental comum, porém o trabalho e a doença ou acidente relacionado ao
trabalho apresentaram-se estatisticamente significante. Após análise multivariada
envolvendo as variáveis relacionadas ao trabalho e as que caracterizam a amostra
que apresentaram associação com transtorno mental comum, observou-se que
somente o sexo feminino e o trabalho (remunerado e não remunerado)
permaneceram associados OR = 2,72; IC95% (2,10 – 3,52) e OR = 1,70; IC95% 9
(1,32 – 2.18) respectivamente. Conclusão: Na amostra estudada o transtorno
mental comum mostrou associação somente com sexo feminino e trabalho
remunerado ou não remunerado, e não esteve associado à elevação da pressão
arterial. Salienta-se então, a importância de novos estudos que possam contribuir
com dados relativos ao transtorno mental comum e a atividade laboral em
adolescentes.
Palavras chave: Saúde mental; trabalho de menores; saúde do adolescente;
pressão arterial.
ABSTRACT Introduction: Adolescence is a stage of human development marked by continuous and deep changes in mental, physical and social level. Right now, many teenagers entering the labor market may suffer negative consequences arising from the process of working. The term common mental disorder is used to refer to symptoms which show a break of the normal functioning of the individual, but do not constitute nosological category. The change in blood pressure in adolescents is commonly associated with excess weight, the low level of physical activity, poor nutrition and stress. Although there is a large number of publications on the topic common mental disorder, there are few studies that seek such an association with elevated blood pressure or work in adolescents. Objectives: To investigate the association between common mental disorder and high blood pressure in adolescents and assess the association between common mental disorder and work in adolescence. Method: Cross-sectional observational study in a population of adolescent students, aged between 12 and 17 years, the city of Rio de Janeiro. The period of data collection was from March 2013 until April 2014, this was done through self-administered questionnaire with questions related to work; CMD has been verified using the General Health Questionnaire with 12 items and the measurement of blood pressure followed international recommendations for adolescents. Data analysis was performed using Stata Statiscal Software program. Results: The sample totaled 3.424 adolescents with an average age of 14.2 years. The prevalence of common mental disorder among teenagers was 28.72% and 7.32% high blood pressure. The ratio of those who said they worked remunerated or unpaid in the past year was 80.37%. High blood pressure was not significantly associated with the common mental disorder, but work and work-related illness or accident were statistically significant. After multivariate analysis involving the variables related to work and that characterize the sample that were associated with common mental disorder, it was observed that only the female and work (paid and unpaid) remained associated OR = 2.72; 95% (2.10 – 3.52) and OR = 1.70; 95% CI (1.32 – 2.18), respectively. Conclusion: This study common mental disorder was associated only with females and work in adolescence, and was not associated with elevated blood pressure. It 11 should be noted then, the importance of new studies that could contribute data on the common mental disorder and labor activity in adolescents. Keywords: Mental health; child labor; adolescent health; arterial pressure.
ABSTRACT Introduction: Adolescence is a stage of human development marked by continuous and deep changes in mental, physical and social level. Right now, many teenagers entering the labor market may suffer negative consequences arising from the process of working. The term common mental disorder is used to refer to symptoms which show a break of the normal functioning of the individual, but do not constitute nosological category. The change in blood pressure in adolescents is commonly associated with excess weight, the low level of physical activity, poor nutrition and stress. Although there is a large number of publications on the topic common mental disorder, there are few studies that seek such an association with elevated blood pressure or work in adolescents. Objectives: To investigate the association between common mental disorder and high blood pressure in adolescents and assess the association between common mental disorder and work in adolescence. Method: Cross-sectional observational study in a population of adolescent students, aged between 12 and 17 years, the city of Rio de Janeiro. The period of data collection was from March 2013 until April 2014, this was done through self-administered questionnaire with questions related to work; CMD has been verified using the General Health Questionnaire with 12 items and the measurement of blood pressure followed international recommendations for adolescents. Data analysis was performed using Stata Statiscal Software program. Results: The sample totaled 3.424 adolescents with an average age of 14.2 years. The prevalence of common mental disorder among teenagers was 28.72% and 7.32% high blood pressure. The ratio of those who said they worked remunerated or unpaid in the past year was 80.37%. High blood pressure was not significantly associated with the common mental disorder, but work and work-related illness or accident were statistically significant. After multivariate analysis involving the variables related to work and that characterize the sample that were associated with common mental disorder, it was observed that only the female and work (paid and unpaid) remained associated OR = 2.72; 95% (2.10 – 3.52) and OR = 1.70; 95% CI (1.32 – 2.18), respectively. Conclusion: This study common mental disorder was associated only with females and work in adolescence, and was not associated with elevated blood pressure. It 11 should be noted then, the importance of new studies that could contribute data on the common mental disorder and labor activity in adolescents. Keywords: Mental health; child labor; adolescent health; arterial pressure.
Description
Palavras-chave
Saúde Mental, Trabalho de Menores, Saúde do Adolescente, Pressão Arterial, Mental Health, Child Labor, Adolescente Health, Arterial Pressure
Citação
Santos DB. Transtorno mental comum, trabalho e alteração na pressão arterial de adolescentes do estudo ERICA: no município do Rio de Janeiro. Dissertação [Mestrado Profissional em Ciências Cardiovasculares]. Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia; 2016.